| CVE |
Vendors |
Products |
Updated |
CVSS v3.1 |
| A logic issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in watchOS 26.3, tvOS 26.3, macOS Tahoe 26.3, macOS Sonoma 14.8.4, macOS Sequoia 15.7.4, iOS 18.7.5 and iPadOS 18.7.5, visionOS 26.3, iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3. An attacker in a privileged network position may be able to intercept network traffic. |
| A parsing issue in the handling of directory paths was addressed with improved path validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Tahoe 26.3. An app may be able to access sensitive user data. |
| A logic issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in watchOS 26.3, macOS Tahoe 26.3, macOS Sonoma 14.8.4, macOS Sequoia 15.7.4, iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3. An app may be able to break out of its sandbox. |
| An authorization issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in macOS Tahoe 26.3. An app may be able to access sensitive user data. |
| A package validation issue was addressed by blocking the vulnerable package. This issue is fixed in macOS Tahoe 26.3. An app may be able to gain root privileges. |
| An authorization issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3, iOS 18.7.5 and iPadOS 18.7.5. An attacker with physical access to a locked device may be able to view sensitive user information. |
| A privacy issue was addressed by moving sensitive data to a protected location. This issue is fixed in macOS Tahoe 26.3. A malicious app may be able to access notifications from other iCloud devices. |
| This issue was addressed with improved data protection. This issue is fixed in macOS Tahoe 26.3. An app may be able to access sensitive user data. |
| A logging issue was addressed with improved data redaction. This issue is fixed in macOS Tahoe 26.3. A malicious app may be able to read sensitive location information. |
| ### Summary
The `arrayLimit` option in qs does not enforce limits for comma-separated values when `comma: true` is enabled, allowing attackers to cause denial-of-service via memory exhaustion. This is a bypass of the array limit enforcement, similar to the bracket notation bypass addressed in GHSA-6rw7-vpxm-498p (CVE-2025-15284).
### Details
When the `comma` option is set to `true` (not the default, but configurable in applications), qs allows parsing comma-separated strings as arrays (e.g., `?param=a,b,c` becomes `['a', 'b', 'c']`). However, the limit check for `arrayLimit` (default: 20) and the optional throwOnLimitExceeded occur after the comma-handling logic in `parseArrayValue`, enabling a bypass. This permits creation of arbitrarily large arrays from a single parameter, leading to excessive memory allocation.
**Vulnerable code** (lib/parse.js: lines ~40-50):
```js
if (val && typeof val === 'string' && options.comma && val.indexOf(',') > -1) {
return val.split(',');
}
if (options.throwOnLimitExceeded && currentArrayLength >= options.arrayLimit) {
throw new RangeError('Array limit exceeded. Only ' + options.arrayLimit + ' element' + (options.arrayLimit === 1 ? '' : 's') + ' allowed in an array.');
}
return val;
```
The `split(',')` returns the array immediately, skipping the subsequent limit check. Downstream merging via `utils.combine` does not prevent allocation, even if it marks overflows for sparse arrays.This discrepancy allows attackers to send a single parameter with millions of commas (e.g., `?param=,,,,,,,,...`), allocating massive arrays in memory without triggering limits. It bypasses the intent of `arrayLimit`, which is enforced correctly for indexed (`a[0]=`) and bracket (`a[]=`) notations (the latter fixed in v6.14.1 per GHSA-6rw7-vpxm-498p).
### PoC
**Test 1 - Basic bypass:**
```
npm install qs
```
```js
const qs = require('qs');
const payload = 'a=' + ','.repeat(25); // 26 elements after split (bypasses arrayLimit: 5)
const options = { comma: true, arrayLimit: 5, throwOnLimitExceeded: true };
try {
const result = qs.parse(payload, options);
console.log(result.a.length); // Outputs: 26 (bypass successful)
} catch (e) {
console.log('Limit enforced:', e.message); // Not thrown
}
```
**Configuration:**
- `comma: true`
- `arrayLimit: 5`
- `throwOnLimitExceeded: true`
Expected: Throws "Array limit exceeded" error.
Actual: Parses successfully, creating an array of length 26.
### Impact
Denial of Service (DoS) via memory exhaustion. |
| An input validation issue was addressed. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3. A person with physical access to an iOS device may be able to access photos from the lock screen. |
| A privacy issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in watchOS 26.3, tvOS 26.3, macOS Tahoe 26.3, macOS Sonoma 14.8.4, macOS Sequoia 15.7.4, iOS 18.7.5 and iPadOS 18.7.5, visionOS 26.3, iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3. An app may be able to identify what other apps a user has installed. |
| The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3, Safari 26.3, macOS Tahoe 26.3, visionOS 26.3. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected process crash. |
| A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Tahoe 26.3. An app may be able to access protected user data. |
| An out-of-bounds read issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.4, macOS Tahoe 26.3, macOS Sonoma 14.8.4. An attacker may be able to cause unexpected system termination or read kernel memory. |
| A logging issue was addressed with improved data redaction. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.4, macOS Tahoe 26.3. An app may be able to access sensitive user data. |
| An issue was addressed with improved handling of temporary files. This issue is fixed in macOS Tahoe 26.3. An app may be able to access user-sensitive data. |
| A privacy issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.4, macOS Tahoe 26.3, macOS Sonoma 14.8.4. An app may be able to access sensitive user data. |
| This issue was addressed through improved state management. This issue is fixed in macOS Tahoe 26.3, iOS 18.7.5 and iPadOS 18.7.5, visionOS 26.3, iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3, Safari 26.3. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected process crash. |
| This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in macOS Tahoe 26.3, macOS Sonoma 14.8.4, macOS Sequoia 15.7.4, iOS 18.7.5 and iPadOS 18.7.5, iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3. An app may be able to bypass certain Privacy preferences. |
