| CVE |
Vendors |
Products |
Updated |
CVSS v3.1 |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
sctp: revalidate list cursor after sctp_sendmsg_to_asoc() in SCTP_SENDALL
The SCTP_SENDALL path in sctp_sendmsg() iterates ep->asocs with
list_for_each_entry_safe(), which caches the next entry in @tmp before
the loop body runs. The body calls sctp_sendmsg_to_asoc(), which may
drop the socket lock inside sctp_wait_for_sndbuf().
While the lock is dropped, another thread can SCTP_SOCKOPT_PEELOFF the
association cached in @tmp, migrating it to a new endpoint via
sctp_sock_migrate() (list_del_init() + list_add_tail() to
newep->asocs), and optionally close the new socket which frees the
association via kfree_rcu(). The cached @tmp can also be freed by a
network ABORT for that association, processed in softirq while the
lock is dropped.
sctp_wait_for_sndbuf() revalidates @asoc (the current entry) on re-lock
via the "sk != asoc->base.sk" and "asoc->base.dead" checks, but nothing
revalidates @tmp. After a successful return, the iterator advances to
the stale @tmp, yielding either a use-after-free (if the peeled socket
was closed) or a list-walk onto the new endpoint's list head (type
confusion of &newep->asocs as a struct sctp_association *).
Both are reachable from CapEff=0; the type-confusion path gives
controlled indirect call via the outqueue.sched->init_sid pointer.
Fix by re-deriving @tmp from @asoc after sctp_sendmsg_to_asoc()
returns. @asoc is known to still be on ep->asocs at that point: the
only callers that list_del an association from ep->asocs are
sctp_association_free() (which sets asoc->base.dead) and
sctp_assoc_migrate() (which changes asoc->base.sk), and
sctp_wait_for_sndbuf() checks both under the lock before any
successful return; a tripped check propagates as err < 0 and the loop
bails before the re-derive.
The SCTP_ABORT path in sctp_sendmsg_check_sflags() returns 0 and the
loop hits 'continue' before sctp_sendmsg_to_asoc() is ever called, so
the @tmp cached by list_for_each_entry_safe() still covers the
lock-held free that ba59fb027307 ("sctp: walk the list of asoc
safely") was added for. |
| Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Microsoft Defender for Endpoint allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Hermes WebUI before version 0.51.303 contains a time-of-check time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition vulnerability in the git_discard function within api/workspace_git.py that allows attackers to delete files outside the configured workspace boundary by replacing a validated path component with a symlink after validation but before deletion. Attackers can substitute a workspace-controlled path component with a symlink pointing to an external directory between the safe_resolve_ws() validation step and the subsequent Path.unlink() or shutil.rmtree() deletion call, causing the delete operation to follow the symlink and remove arbitrary files outside the workspace. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
btrfs: fix btrfs_ioctl_space_info() slot_count TOCTOU which can lead to info-leak
btrfs_ioctl_space_info() has a TOCTOU race between two passes over the
block group RAID type lists. The first pass counts entries to determine
the allocation size, then the second pass fills the buffer. The
groups_sem rwlock is released between passes, allowing concurrent block
group removal to reduce the entry count.
When the second pass fills fewer entries than the first pass counted,
copy_to_user() copies the full alloc_size bytes including trailing
uninitialized kmalloc bytes to userspace.
Fix by copying only total_spaces entries (the actually-filled count from
the second pass) instead of alloc_size bytes, and switch to kzalloc so
any future copy size mismatch cannot leak heap data. |
| Waves Central for macOS versions 13.0.9 through 16.5.5 contain a local privilege escalation vulnerability in the privileged helper service. The helper validates connecting XPC clients using the client process identifier (PID) to verify code-signing identity. Because process identifiers can be reused, a local attacker can exploit a race condition between the time a connection request is made and the time the helper performs validation, causing the helper to trust an attacker-controlled process. This allows the attacker to invoke privileged operations, resulting in arbitrary code execution as root. The issue is fixed in version 16.6.2. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
coresight: tmc-etr: Fix race condition between sysfs and perf mode
When trying to run perf and sysfs mode simultaneously, the WARN_ON()
in tmc_etr_enable_hw() is triggered sometimes:
WARNING: CPU: 42 PID: 3911571 at drivers/hwtracing/coresight/coresight-tmc-etr.c:1060 tmc_etr_enable_hw+0xc0/0xd8 [coresight_tmc]
[..snip..]
Call trace:
tmc_etr_enable_hw+0xc0/0xd8 [coresight_tmc] (P)
tmc_enable_etr_sink+0x11c/0x250 [coresight_tmc] (L)
tmc_enable_etr_sink+0x11c/0x250 [coresight_tmc]
coresight_enable_path+0x1c8/0x218 [coresight]
coresight_enable_sysfs+0xa4/0x228 [coresight]
enable_source_store+0x58/0xa8 [coresight]
dev_attr_store+0x20/0x40
sysfs_kf_write+0x4c/0x68
kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x120/0x1b8
vfs_write+0x2c8/0x388
ksys_write+0x74/0x108
__arm64_sys_write+0x24/0x38
el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x64/0x148
do_el0_svc+0x24/0x38
el0_svc+0x3c/0x130
el0t_64_sync_handler+0xc8/0xd0
el0t_64_sync+0x1ac/0x1b0
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
Since the enablement of sysfs mode is separeted into two critical regions,
one for sysfs buffer allocation and another for hardware enablement, it's
possible to race with the perf mode. Fix this by double check whether
the perf mode's been used before enabling the hardware in sysfs mode.
mode:
[sysfs mode] [perf mode]
tmc_etr_get_sysfs_buffer()
spin_lock(&drvdata->spinlock)
[sysfs buffer allocation]
spin_unlock(&drvdata->spinlock)
spin_lock(&drvdata->spinlock)
tmc_etr_enable_hw()
drvdata->etr_buf = etr_perf->etr_buf
spin_unlock(&drvdata->spinlock)
spin_lock(&drvdata->spinlock)
tmc_etr_enable_hw()
WARN_ON(drvdata->etr_buf) // WARN sicne etr_buf initialized at
the perf side
spin_unlock(&drvdata->spinlock)
With this fix, we retain the check for CS_MODE_PERF in get_etr_sysfs_buf.
This ensures we verify whether the perf mode's already running before we
actually allocate the buffer. Then we can save the time of
allocating/freeing the sysfs buffer if race with the perf mode. |
| Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability |
| A vulnerability in the quarantine and restore workflow of the X-VPN macOS website versions 77.0 through 77.5 allow a local attacker to leverage a race condition and symlink manipulation to achieve privileged file corruption. |
| A time-of-check time-of-use vulnerability in the Trend Micro Apex One (mac) agent iCore service signature verification could allow a local attacker to escalate privileges on affected installations.
Please note: an attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.
The following information is provided as informational only for CVE references, as these were addressed already via ActiveUpdate/SaaS updates in mid to late 2025 (SaaS 2507 & 2005 Yearly Release). |
| A time-of-check time-of-use vulnerability in the Trend Micro Apex One (mac) agent cache mechanism could allow a local attacker to escalate privileges on affected installations.
Please note: an attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.
The following information is provided as informational only for CVE references, as these were addressed already via ActiveUpdate/SaaS updates in mid to late 2025 (SaaS 2507 & 2005 Yearly Release). |
| Memory Corruption when processing IOCTL requests with mismatched API versions due to concurrent modification of user-space buffer. |
| A flaw was found in Keycloak. An authenticated administrator with the `manage-clients` role can exploit a Time-of-check to time-of-use (TOCTOU) vulnerability in the name-based admin role checks. This allows the attacker to escalate their privileges to `realm-admin` for all users within the realm, granting them extensive control over the system. The composite role relationship persists even after the attacker's own permissions are revoked and across system reboots. |
| A privilege escalation vulnerability exists in PlayStation 4 firmware versions 13.00 through 13.02. The BD-J (Blu-ray Disc Java) sandbox can be escaped through a malformed JAR file. |
| SWUpdate before 2026.05 is affected by a time-of-check time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition that allows local unprivileged attackers to escalate privileges to root or install untrusted contents using a signed update. |
| Pterodactyl is a free, open-source game server management panel. Prior to version 1.12.3, the Pterodactyl Client API has a logic flaw that lets users bypass their assigned limits for database allocations. This happens because the database locking mechanism used in the controllers is totally broken and doesn't actually lock anything. Version 1.12.3 patches the issue. |
| A TOCTOU (Time-Of-Check to Time-Of-Use) in the graphics interface may allow an attacker to load registers repeatedly creating a race condition potentially leading to a loss of integrity. |
| Memory Corruption when accessing shared buffers without validation of concurrent user-mode input modifications. |
| As mitigations to a report from 2019 and CVE-2020-8555, Kubernetes attempts to prevent proxied connections from accessing link-local or localhost networks when making user-driven connections to Services, Pods, Nodes, or StorageClass service providers. As part of this mitigation Kubernetes does a DNS name resolution check and validates that response IPs are not in the link-local (169.254.0.0/16) or localhost (127.0.0.0/8) range. Kubernetes then performs a second DNS resolution without validation for the actual connection. If a non-standard DNS server returns different non-cached responses, a user may be able to bypass the proxy IP restriction and access private networks on the control plane. |
| WWBN AVideo is an open source video platform. In 29.0 and earlier, EpgParser.php, plugin/AI/receiveAsync.json.php, and other locations do not use the $resolvedIP out-param of isSSRFSafeURL() for DNS pinning via CURLOPT_RESOLVE, opening DNS-rebinding TOCTOU. |
| In geniezone, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS10873936; Issue ID: MSV-6786. |
