{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.1", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-38528", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:24.023Z", "datePublished": "2025-08-16T11:12:21.667Z", "dateUpdated": "2025-08-16T11:12:21.667Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2025-08-16T11:12:21.667Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Reject %p% format string in bprintf-like helpers\n\nstatic const char fmt[] = \"%p%\";\n bpf_trace_printk(fmt, sizeof(fmt));\n\nThe above BPF program isn't rejected and causes a kernel warning at\nruntime:\n\n Please remove unsupported %\\x00 in format string\n WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 7244 at lib/vsprintf.c:2680 format_decode+0x49c/0x5d0\n\nThis happens because bpf_bprintf_prepare skips over the second %,\ndetected as punctuation, while processing %p. This patch fixes it by\nnot skipping over punctuation. %\\x00 is then processed in the next\niteration and rejected."}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["kernel/bpf/helpers.c"], "versions": [{"version": "48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915", "lessThan": "61d5fa45ed13e42af14c7e959baba9908b8ee6d4", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915", "lessThan": "e7be679124bae8cf4fa6e40d7e1661baddfb3289", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915", "lessThan": "6952aeace93f8c9ea01849efecac24dd3152c9c9", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915", "lessThan": "1c5f5fd47bbda17cb885fe6f03730702cd53d3f8", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915", "lessThan": "f8242745871f81a3ac37f9f51853d12854fd0b58", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["kernel/bpf/helpers.c"], "versions": [{"version": "5.13", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "5.13", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.1.147", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.6.100", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.12.40", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.15.8", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.15.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.16", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.13", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.147"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.13", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.100"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.13", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.40"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.13", "versionEndExcluding": "6.15.8"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.13", "versionEndExcluding": "6.16"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/61d5fa45ed13e42af14c7e959baba9908b8ee6d4"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7be679124bae8cf4fa6e40d7e1661baddfb3289"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6952aeace93f8c9ea01849efecac24dd3152c9c9"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1c5f5fd47bbda17cb885fe6f03730702cd53d3f8"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f8242745871f81a3ac37f9f51853d12854fd0b58"}], "title": "bpf: Reject %p% format string in bprintf-like helpers", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}}}

{}

{"cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Reject %p% format string in bprintf-like helpers\n\nstatic const char fmt[] = \"%p%\";\n bpf_trace_printk(fmt, sizeof(fmt));\n\nThe above BPF program isn't rejected and causes a kernel warning at\nruntime:\n\n Please remove unsupported %\\x00 in format string\n WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 7244 at lib/vsprintf.c:2680 format_decode+0x49c/0x5d0\n\nThis happens because bpf_bprintf_prepare skips over the second %,\ndetected as punctuation, while processing %p. This patch fixes it by\nnot skipping over punctuation. %\\x00 is then processed in the next\niteration and rejected."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: bpf: Rechazo de la cadena de formato %p% en ayudantes similares a bprintf. static const char fmt[] = \"%p%\"; bpf_trace_printk(fmt, sizeof(fmt)); El programa BPF anterior no se rechaza y genera una advertencia del kernel en tiempo de ejecuci\u00f3n: Por favor, elimine el %\\x00 no compatible en la cadena de formato. ADVERTENCIA: CPU: 1 PID: 7244 en lib/vsprintf.c:2680 format_decode+0x49c/0x5d0. Esto ocurre porque bpf_bprintf_prepare omite el segundo %, detectado como signo de puntuaci\u00f3n, al procesar %p. Este parche lo corrige al no omitir la puntuaci\u00f3n. %\\x00 se procesa en la siguiente iteraci\u00f3n y se rechaza."}], "id": "CVE-2025-38528", "lastModified": "2025-08-18T20:16:28.750", "metrics": {}, "published": "2025-08-16T12:15:28.313", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1c5f5fd47bbda17cb885fe6f03730702cd53d3f8"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/61d5fa45ed13e42af14c7e959baba9908b8ee6d4"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6952aeace93f8c9ea01849efecac24dd3152c9c9"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7be679124bae8cf4fa6e40d7e1661baddfb3289"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f8242745871f81a3ac37f9f51853d12854fd0b58"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Awaiting Analysis"}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: bpf: Reject %p% format string in bprintf-like helpers", "id": "2388943", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2388943"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "5.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "details": ["In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\nbpf: Reject %p% format string in bprintf-like helpers\nstatic const char fmt[] = \"%p%\";\nbpf_trace_printk(fmt, sizeof(fmt));\nThe above BPF program isn't rejected and causes a kernel warning at\nruntime:\nPlease remove unsupported %\\x00 in format string\nWARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 7244 at lib/vsprintf.c:2680 format_decode+0x49c/0x5d0\nThis happens because bpf_bprintf_prepare skips over the second %,\ndetected as punctuation, while processing %p. This patch fixes it by\nnot skipping over punctuation. %\\x00 is then processed in the next\niteration and rejected."], "name": "CVE-2025-38528", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2025-08-16T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-38528\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-38528\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025081654-CVE-2025-38528-153c@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}